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For senior citizens, it’s essential to eliminate debt as soon as possible. Managing debt payments and rising living expenses can be difficult if you’re retired and on a fixed income.

Repaying debts can interfere with your retirement savings plan in the years leading up to your retirement. Each month, the payments you need to make on your debts take precedence over the monthly contributions you should be making to your 401(k) and/or IRA accounts.

Regardless of your situation, if you are over 60 years old, it's best to seek professional help to determine the right debt relief program for seniors to pay off your current debts. Although filing for bankruptcy can be the quickest way to eliminate most debts, there are other, less drastic options available to consider before you go that route.

The Challenges the Elderly Face

More seniors are retiring with higher levels of debt than ever before. The average non-mortgage balance carried by baby boomers (age 59-77) was $18,474 in Q3 of 2024. This includes personal loans and other unsecured debts, along with large, unforeseen expenses that seniors deal with, such as medical and home repair/maintenance expenses.

Credit cards constitute the primary source of debt among seniors. The average credit card balance for baby boomers in 2023 was $6,601 and $3,434 for those over the age of 77. If you're struggling with high balances, credit card relief programs for seniors can help reduce interest rates and payments.

While student loan debt is generally associated with the younger generation, those aged 62 and older carried the highest student loan balances in 2023 at $49,375 —compared to $13,722.22 for borrowers 24 and younger. This is likely because many older adults took out loans to help pay for their (grand)children’s education, rather than the students borrowing themselves.

Retirees usually rely on fixed incomes from Social Security and flat monthly pension payments, exacerbating the stress of debt repayment. They often find that, after paying for monthly living expenses, they may need more money at the end of the month to pay down high credit card balances.

Debt Relief Help for Seniors

Meeting the payments on high-balance, high-interest debt like the kind you’d find on most credit cards can make it harder for seniors to make ends meet. Fortunately, senior citizen debt relief programs can help pay down debts.

Paying off debt before retirement has many advantages, including freeing up money to save for the future. Credit card relief for seniors can also ease financial strain, making it easier to cover essentials like medical bills, groceries, and assisted living—whether you're planning for retirement or already there.

While debt relief options like bankruptcy can eliminate most debts, it also damages credit for years. This could make it hard for you to get new credit for a long time to come. However, since seniors rely less on new credit, a lower credit score may not be as concerning as it is for younger debtors.

5 Options for Seniors To Get Out of Debt

Help for seniors with credit card debt or other forms of debt is available in many forms, from debt relief programs and counseling to government benefits. Explore the recommendations below to find an option that suits your financial situation.

1. Know Your Debt

Before seeking help for seniors, make a list of everything you owe and keep note of which businesses and/or lenders you owe it to. Knowing the specifics of your debt will allow you to find an effective solution.

Write down each debt with the outstanding balance you owe, monthly installment, interest rate, payment due date, and the name of the creditor. This will give you an idea of how much you owe in total, which debts are the most expensive, and which ones are secured vs. unsecured.

2. Make a Budget

Creating a budget is a great place to start when it comes to paying off debt. A detailed budget will allow you to see where you’re spending your money. This will highlight the source of the debt you’ve accumulated and if it’s possible to reduce or even eliminate spending, especially in your discretionary purchases.

Your budget will also give you an idea of how much you pay toward your debt each month. This is a good starting point for a repayment plan that works.

If you cannot make any short-term reductions in your spending, then look to increase your income to free up some additional cash flow to put toward your debts each month. Look for senior employment programs or ask for employment referrals, so you can supplement your normal retirement income and help pay off your debts.

Brad Reichert, debt expert and founder and managing director of Reichert Asset Management LLC, offers advice for seniors who need to pay off debt. “If seniors can’t make adequate payments on their debt because they are on a fixed income, oftentimes, the most obvious solution is to increase their income. Finding an additional source of income can help provide some extra cash to put toward reducing debt,” Reichert explains.

“With today’s new ‘gig economy,’ virtually anyone can find a way to earn extra income on the side, oftentimes from the comfort of their own home” he adds.

3. Consider Debt Relief Help for Seniors

If you’re finding it difficult to keep up with your monthly payments, there are debt relief programs that are tailor-made for seniors and can accelerate your debt repayment. Consider some of the options below:

Debt Consolidation

If you have multiple unsecured debts that carry high, variable interest rates (such as personal loans or credit cards for seniors with APRs above 25%), you can consolidate them into a single fixed-rate loan to make repayment easier.

Having a “fair” to “good” credit report with the three major credit reporting firms (Experian, TransUnion, and Equifax) and an average FICO credit score above 680, may qualify you for a low-interest debt consolidation loan.

Another option, if you have a clean credit profile, is to apply for a 0% APR balance transfer credit card. If you manage to pay off your entire balance within the initial zero-interest promotional timeframe, you can avoid paying interest. This can help you save money on the high-rate interest charges you may currently be paying on your credit cards and unsecured debts.

Debt Settlement

If you’ve already missed several payments on one or more of your bills or unsecured debts you have outstanding, debt settlement can help you settle your accounts, oftentimes for much less than you owe. 

Debt settlement companies can negotiate with your creditors to settle your balances for significantly less than what you owe. You may save you up to 50% (before fees). This may be a viable option for credit card debt relief for seniors on the brink of bankruptcy.

Credit Counseling

If you don’t know where to start with debt repayment, nonprofit credit counseling can be a great way to enlist the help of a professional. A credit counselor will review your credit report, debt, and budget to create a tailored repayment plan.

Credit counselors can also enroll your debts in a debt management program and negotiate lower interest rates with your lenders so you can pay off debts faster.

Bankruptcy

Consider filing for bankruptcy as a last resort. Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 are two of the most commonly used options for individuals. Seniors with a lot of non-exempt equity in their homes, secured debts, or those who aren’t able to pass the means test that is required before they can file Chapter 7 bankruptcy, may find Chapter 13 bankruptcy the better choice.

4. Get a Reverse Mortgage Loan

If you’re over the age of 62, a reverse mortgage allows you to borrow against the equity of your home. You can receive cash from this kind of loan on a monthly or discretionary lump-sum basis, provided you have enough equity in your home, and you maintain the home in good condition.  While you receive these cash dispersals, you won’t need to make any payments back to the bank until you sell the house or move.

This will provide you with access to money that can be used to pay down debts.  And since this new cash is not actually income but rather it is borrowed money, it is not subject to income tax at the state or federal levels.

Reverse mortgages come with fees and interest that are added to your loan balance each month. As the balance grows, your home equity decreases, since your home serves as collateral—just like it did with your original mortgage. This is important to consider if you rely on home equity for retirement or plan to leave your home to your heirs after you pass away.

5. Get Government Assistance

While there’s no federal program offering help for seniors with credit card debt, you may qualify for federal government programs like Medicaid and Medicare.

The Medicare Savings Program can help you pay your health care premiums, deductibles, and copayments if you meet the eligibility requirements. The official website, Medicare.gov, offers more information on the program.

The government also has several programs to help low-income seniors get access to food vouchers and nutritious meals, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Seniors Farmers Market Nutrition Program.

The Administration on Aging helps protect the well-being of older adults. The organization offers long-term care facilities, adult day care and nursing homes. Seniors can also get help with transportation, health insurance, and legal aid to protect against predatory lenders and elder abuse.

Look for community-based services in your area that offer advocacy and essential resources. These programs can help cover expenses like prescription drugs, food, in-home care services, and family caregiver support to ease the burden for you and your loved ones.

What Happens if You Don’t Pay Your Debt as a Senior Citizen?

Defaulting on debts can significantly lower your credit score, which can make it difficult for you to qualify for new loans or credit lines in the future. If you don’t make timely payments on your secured debts, like a car loan or mortgage, your property may eventually be repossessed.

Failing to pay your debts can also lead to debt collection calls and letters, which can impact your stress levels. While debt collectors can’t garnish Social Security and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits, they can still petition the courts for a judge’s order to tap into your bank account to collect the amount you owe.

What’s the Best Debt Relief Option for a Senior Citizen?

Saving for retirement should be a top priority for Americans who haven’t yet retired. If you’re already retired, it's essential to create and stick to a budget to ensure you’ll be able to keep up with your living expenses, both now and in the future.

If you’re finding it difficult to do this because of mounting debt repayments, talk to a debt professional to find the right debt relief program for seniors. You may need to consolidate or settle your debts, depending on how much you owe.

Some seniors may need to eliminate debt quickly to make ends meet. For such cases, bankruptcy may be the right option. When you’re retired, ready access to credit may not be as important, as retirees often find that they may not often run into situations where you may need new credit urgently.

As a result, the consequences and negative after-effects of filing for bankruptcy may not seem like they are as big as they may seem for someone younger. However, it's best to consult a bankruptcy lawyer if you’re considering this option, so you understand all the aspects and implications of filing for Chapter 7 or 13.